Indonesian culture

Language (s)

• Languages ​​in Indonesia
• Category: Indonesia language
• Category: Indonesian script

Traditions

Religion (s)

• Main article: Religion in Indonesia .
• Category: Religion in Indonesia ,
• Islam in Indonesia ,
• Catholic Church in Indonesia
• Exarchate of Indonesia , orthodoxy
• History of Jews in Indonesia

Symbols

• Category: Indonesia Symbol
• Coat of arms of Indonesia , Flag of Indonesia
• Indonesia Raya , Indonesia’s national anthem

Folklore

Beliefs

Mythology

• Category: Indonesian Legend
• Category: Legendary Creature of Indonesia
• Ibu Pertiwi  (en)

Holidays

• Public holidays in Indonesia  (en)

Names

• Indonesian names  (in) (patronymic)

Company

• Traditions in Indonesia  (en)
• Tag in Indonesia  (en)

Literature

• Category: Indonesian writer
• Indonesian philosophy  (en)

Contemporary literature

Media

• Category: Media in Indonesia

Press

• Category: Written press in Indonesia

Radio

• Category: Radio in Indonesia

Television

• Category: Television in Indonesia

Internet

Visual Arts

• Arts Indonesia  (en)
• Arts in Bali  (en)
• Indonesian artists
• Indonesian contemporary artists

Drawing

Painting

• Indonesian painters

• Affandi is the best-known Indonesian painter abroad.
• Antonio Blanco, of Spanish origin, spent most of his life in Ubud, where his house was turned into a museum dedicated to his work.

We can also mention the painter Salim , who lives in Paris.

Sculpture

• Indonesian sculptors

Among the living Indonesian sculptors is Teguh Ostenrik, born in 1950. Teguh studied in West Berlin in the 1970s, when this part of the city was still an enclave in the territory of the former German Democratic Republic. He then lived and worked in Amsterdam before returning to Jakarta in 1988. A wide variety in the forms and techniques used, his work revolves around the themes of communication between men and their relationship with nature and the cosmos .

Architecture

• Indonesian architecture
• Architecture in Indonesia (sections)
• Rumah adat  (en) traditional house
• Temples of Indonesia

Photography

• Indonesian photographers

Graphics

Performing Arts

Music

• Indonesian music
• Indonesian music (rubrics)
• Indonesian musicians
• Indonesian songs  (en)
• gamelan
• Bangsawan  ( of Malay origin)

Dance (s)

• Indonesian dance
• Dance in Indonesia (sections)
• Indonesian dancers
• Indonesian dancers
• Indonesian choreographers

Theater

• Indonesian Theater

Under Soeharto , the theater was a privileged means of expression to criticize the regime and the tricks of Indonesian society in general, within the limits granted by the power. This form of expression belongs in fact to tradition, especially in the wayang orang , traditional Javanese theater that staged stories from the great Indian epic Mahabharata . In the wayang orang , there are characters, punakawan(which is usually translated as “clowns”), whose role is both to create a comic interlude in a rather serious show, and to provide an opportunity to translate a popular point of view and feeling that the traditional social order did not allow expressing. The novelty of some troops, the most popular of which is the “Teater Koma”, has been to translate this popular opinion in an autonomous and modern way.

But theatrical creation in Indonesia has other forms. It can possibly take advantage of tradition, especially Javanese and Balinese.

• Ludruk , Kethoprak , Sandiwara , Lenong , Randai , Bangsawan ,

Other: puppets, mime, pantomime, prestidigidation

• Wayang

Cinema

• Indonesian cinema
• Indonesian directors ,
• Indonesian players , Indonesian Actresses ,
• Indonesian movies

It seems that some films were shot in Indonesia during the colonial era, but the attempt to bring together proved somewhat successful ³ .

Indonesian film production will only really start with independence. The 1950s are a time is conducive to creation. The armed conflict against the Netherlands has ended. Rebellions erupt in the archipelago, but they do not bring about real and lasting violence, except for the insurgency of Darul Islam which, from 1948 to 1962, will challenge the government army and proclaim to want to establish an Islamic State in Indonesia. More generally, Indonesia is shaken by numerous political crises, inside and outside. But artists can express themselves.

From this period, we will especially remember the name of Usmar Ismail (1921-1971), who also founded in 1950 the national production company Perfini, allowing the development of an independent Indonesian cinema. His films include: “Darah dan do’a” (translated as The Long March , 1950), “Lewat Jam Malam” ( Curfew , 1954), “Tamu Agung” ( The Guest of Honor , 1955 ) and “Tiga dara” ( Three girls , 1956). Many of his films are based on the period of conflict with the Netherlands (1945-48).

In 1957, under the pressure of extremist nationalist factions, Indonesia expelled the Dutch, who still owned the big plantations, companies and banks, and nationalized their assets. In domestic politics, Soekarno launches the “controlled democracy”, much more directive than democratic. There is a period of political unrest where artistic creation is interspersed with the cleavage between those who, close to the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), believes that “politics must be in control” and the others.

The repression that followed the so-called ” 30 September Movement ” led by left-wing officers in 1965 and between 500,000 and one million dead could not usher in a serene era for creation. In the 1960s and 1970s, directors Teguh Karya, whose films portray a colorful and charming portrait of an Indonesian society in the process of urbanization and modernization, with “Ibunda” (“Mother”) and “Secangkir Kopi” Pahit “(” A cup of bitter coffee “), and Eros Djarot, whose” Tjoet Nyak Dien “tells the story of the widow of a warlord who resumes the fight of her husband against the Dutch in Aceh at the end of the xix ^th century.

The 1980s are those of the beginning of the Indonesian economic boom but also of a soft violence that persuades Indonesians to be content to see their living conditions improve. The late 1990s is a time when creation is more courageous and imaginative. The resignation of Soeharto , in 1998, frees the spirits. Riri Riza with “Kuldesak” ( Cul-de-sac ), Garin Nugroho with “Daun di atas Bantal” ( A leaf on a pillow ), Nia Dinata with “Arisan! ( The tontine! ) And Rudi Sudjarwo with “Ada apa dengan cinta? ( What’s happening with Cinta? ) Come out of the shameful conformation shackles where the Soeharto regime had plunged the Indonesians.

GIE Riri Riza was nominated for the 2006 Academy Awards Best Foreign Film category ‘. Although he has not received a reward, he shows that Indonesian cinema is beginning to be recognized abroad. GIE is from the personal diary of Soe Hoek Gie, a well-known student activist from the time of Soeharto, whose death has still not been solved. GIE will open the gala night of the 1st London Indonesian Film Screening 2006.

Tableware

Kitchen (s)

• Category: Indonesian cuisine
• Category: Indonesian Vegetarian Food , Ketoprak ,

Drink (s)

Health

• Category: Health in Indonesia , Social Protection

Physical activities

Sports, Martial Arts

• Main article: Sport in Indonesia .
• Category: Sport in Indonesia
• Category: Indonesian Martial Art , Pencak-Silat , Kuntao , Fitimaen , Payuk , Sisemba , Cakalele , Kabasaran , Caci , Pandan Mager , Tarung Dejarat ,
• Category: Indonesian Sports
• Indonesia at the Olympics
• Indonesia Paralympic Games , Paralympic Games ,
• Commonwealth Games
• Insulinde’s Fighting Arts

Crafts

• Indonesian handicraft

Textiles, leather, paper

• Indonesian National Costume  (en)
• Category: Indonesian Textile Art , Batik , Ikat , Poleng , Songket ,
• Carpet (Indonesia)

Wood, metals

Pottery, ceramics, earthenware

Art glass

Jewelery, goldsmiths, jewelery

Heritage

Museums

• List of Museums and Cultural Institutions in Indonesia  (en)

World Heritage List

The World Heritage Program ( UNESCO , 1971) has included in its World Heritage List (atJanuary 12, 2016): World Heritage List in Indonesia .

Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity

The Intangible Cultural Heritage Program ( UNESCO , 2003) has included in its Representative List the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (atJanuary 12, 2016):

• 2008: The wayang puppet theater ⁴ .
• 2008: The Indonesian Kris ⁵ .
• 2009: The Indonesian batik ⁶ .
• 2009: Education and training in Indonesian batik cultural heritage for students of elementary, secondary, higher, professional and polytechnic schools in collaboration with the Batik Museum of Pekalongan ⁷ .
• 2010: The Indonesian Angklung ⁸ .
• 2011: The saman dance ⁹ .
• 2012: The noken , multifunctional knotted or woven bag, crafts of the people of Papua.
• 2015: Three kinds of traditional dance in Bali ¹⁰ .

Memory of the World International Register

The Memory of the World Program ( UNESCO , 1992) has included in its International Memory of the World Register (as at 15/01/2016):

• 2003: Archives of the Dutch East India Company ¹¹
• 2011: The Galigo ¹²
• 2013: Nagarakretagama or the Description of a Country (1365 AD) ¹³
• 2013: The Babad of Diponegoro ¹⁴

Annexes

Bibliography

• Elsa Clave-Çelik, unusual Dictionary Indonesia , Cosmopole, Paris, 2012 ( 2 ^th ed.), 159 p. ( ISBN  978-2-84630-072-8 )
• ( In ) Jill Forshee, Culture and Customs of Indonesia , Greenwood, Westport, Conn., 2006, 264 p. ( ISBN  978-0313333392 )
• Solenn Honorine, Indonesia: History, Society, Culture , Discovery, Paris, 2013, 222 p. ( ISBN  978-2-7071-7431-4 )

Related Articles

• Cultural Heritage of Indonesia  (en)

External links

• Cultural information. Indonesia  [ archive ] (Center for Intercultural Learning, Canada)
• Embassy of Indonesia in France  [ archive ] (official website)

Notes and references