The Sultan Hasanuddin Tumenanga laughed Balla’pangkana , more simply known as the Sultan Hasanuddin (reigned 1653-1669), was a ruler of the kingdom of Gowa in the south of the island Indonesia of Celebes . Under his reign, Gowa reached its peak, after a series of conquests on the principalities around Makassar and bugis countries initiated by his predecessors, the first Muslim kings of Gowa
However, it is also under Hasanuddin that Gowa enters into conflict with the Dutch of the VOC ( Dutch East India Company ), based in Batavia but whose interests at the time were mainly in Maluku , the spice islands . Hasanuddin opposed the monopoly claimed by the VOC on the production and trade of spices. Its port was open to foreign merchants, especially the Portuguese, rivals of the Dutch. In 1660, a strong VOC fleet of thirty-one ships attacked Gowa and destroyed the Portuguese ships there. Hasanuddin must sign peace with the Dutch.
But Gowa continues to refuse Dutch law. In 1666, the VOC launched a new expedition, with a fleet of twenty-one ships commissioned by Cornelis Speelman . It is allied with prince bugis Arung Palakka , former Gowa vassal returning from exile, who attacks by land. Hasanuddin is defeated and must sign the Bungaya Treaty on November 18, 1667.
He nevertheless takes up the fight. A second Dutch campaign, conducted in 1668-69, resulted in a final defeat of Gowa.
Bibliography
- Ricklefs, MC, A History of Modern Indonesia since c. 1300